Red Alder
Alnus rubra
A pioneer species through and through, red alder partners with nitrogen-fixing bacteria in its roots to rebuild soil fertility after fire, flood, or logging. Its bark yields dyes ranging from red to yellow, long used by Pacific Northwest peoples to color baskets, hides, and fishnets.
Where found
Disturbed ground, riverbanks, clearcuts, and roadsides — nearly always among the first trees to appear.
Fun facts
- Different layers of its bark yield red, brown, orange, and yellow dyes.
- Its inner bark was dried and ground into a powder used to thicken soups or bread.
- It's the most common hardwood in the Pacific Northwest and a traditional choice for smoking salmon.
Specs
| Height | 20–30 m |
|---|---|
| Spread | 8–12 m |
| Lifespan | 60–100 yrs |
| Growth Rate | Fast |
| Sun | Full sun |
| Native Range | Southeast Alaska to central California |
